diff --git a/.gitea/workflows/sync-to-site1.yml b/.gitea/workflows/sync-to-site1.yml
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+# ============================================================
+# Gitea Actions Workflow: 同步 worldmodel 内容到 site1
+# ============================================================
+# 触发条件：push 到 main 分支
+# 功能：将 worldmodel 仓库内容同步到 admin/site1 的
+#       content/posts/worldmodel/ 目录，并触发 Hugo 构建
+#
+# 前置条件（用户需手动操作）：
+#   在 Gitea 仓库 gaojie/worldmodel 的
+#   Settings → Secrets → Actions 里添加：
+#     Name:  SITE1_PASSWORD
+#     Value: 你的 git.plantshero.com 账号 gaojie 的密码
+# ============================================================
+
+name: Sync to site1
+
+on:
+  push:
+    branches:
+      - main
+
+jobs:
+  sync:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+
+    steps:
+      - name: Checkout worldmodel
+        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+        with:
+          fetch-depth: 1
+
+      - name: Clone site1
+        env:
+          SITE1_PASSWORD: ${{ secrets.SITE1_PASSWORD }}
+        run: |
+          git clone \
+            https://gaojie:${SITE1_PASSWORD}@git.plantshero.com/admin/site1.git \
+            /tmp/site1
+          # 立即清除 remote URL 中的凭据，避免凭据残留在 git 配置里
+          git -C /tmp/site1 remote set-url origin \
+            https://git.plantshero.com/admin/site1.git
+
+      - name: Sync content to site1
+        run: |
+          # 若目标目录已存在，先用 git rm 清理（保持 git 历史干净）
+          if [ -d /tmp/site1/content/posts/worldmodel ]; then
+            git -C /tmp/site1 rm -rf content/posts/worldmodel
+          fi
+          mkdir -p /tmp/site1/content/posts/worldmodel
+
+          # rsync：排除 .git 及 .gitignore 中列出的产物
+          rsync -a \
+            --exclude='.git/' \
+            --exclude='node_modules/' \
+            --exclude='.venv/' \
+            --exclude='__pycache__/' \
+            --exclude='*.pyc' \
+            --exclude='.DS_Store' \
+            --exclude='.pytest_cache/' \
+            --exclude='.mypy_cache/' \
+            --exclude='.ruff_cache/' \
+            --exclude='.idea/' \
+            --exclude='.vscode/' \
+            --exclude='*.log' \
+            --exclude='plans/PRISM/.build/' \
+            --exclude='PRISM_*.pdf' \
+            --exclude='research/lyra2_paper.pdf' \
+            --exclude='.gitea/' \
+            ./ /tmp/site1/content/posts/worldmodel/
+
+      - name: Commit and push site1
+        env:
+          SITE1_PASSWORD: ${{ secrets.SITE1_PASSWORD }}
+        run: |
+          cd /tmp/site1
+          git config user.name "gitea-actions"
+          git config user.email "actions@plantshero.com"
+
+          git add content/posts/worldmodel
+
+          # 若无变更则跳过，workflow 正常退出（exit 0）
+          if git diff --cached --quiet; then
+            echo "No changes to commit, skipping push."
+            exit 0
+          fi
+
+          git commit -m "chore(sync): 从 worldmodel 同步内容 @ ${{ github.sha }}"
+
+          # 推送时临时注入凭据
+          git remote set-url origin \
+            https://gaojie:${SITE1_PASSWORD}@git.plantshero.com/admin/site1.git
+          git push origin main
+
+          # 推送完成后立即清除凭据
+          git remote set-url origin \
+            https://git.plantshero.com/admin/site1.git
+
+          echo "Sync complete. site1 post-receive hook will trigger Hugo build."